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Bookmark or Share- Confounding - WikipediaIn causal inference, a confounder (also confounding variable, confounding factor, extraneous determinant or lurking variable) is a variable that influences both the dependent variable and independent variable, causing a spurious association.
- A beginner's guide to confounding - Students 4 Best EvidenceTutorials and Fundamentals. Confounding means the distortion of the association between the independent and dependent variables because a third variable is independently associated with both. A causal relationship between two variables is often described as the way in which the independent variable affects the dependent variable.
- Confounding Variable: Definition & Examples - Statistics By JimIn studies examining possible causal links, a confounding variable is an unaccounted factor that impacts both the potential cause and effect and can distort the results. Recognizing and addressing these variables in your experimental design is crucial for producing valid findings.
- Confounding Variables in Psychology: Definition & ExamplesA confounding variable in psychology is an extraneous factor that interferes with the relationship between an experiment’s independent and dependent variables. It’s not the variable of interest but can influence the outcome, leading to inaccurate conclusions about the relationship being studied.
- Confounding Variables | Definition, Examples & Controls - ScribbrA confounding variable, also called a confounder or confounding factor, is a third variable in a study examining a potential cause-and-effect relationship. A confounding variable is related to both the supposed cause and the supposed effect of the study.
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