The Trump administration on Tuesday proposed to sharply limit the federal government’s authority to regulate the pollution of wetlands and tributaries that run into the nation’s largest rivers, a move that could ease development by home builders, farmers and shale oil and gas drillers. The administration said it would introduce a “new construct,” limiting regulation to streams that held water in a “typical year” as measured against the past 30 years of precipitation. “This will be a significant retreat from how jurisdiction has been defined for decades,” said Ann Navaro, who worked at the Army Corps of Engineers and at the Interior and Justice Departments.